US tariffs don't arrive one at a time. MFN duties, Section 301 surcharges, Section 232 steel/aluminum tariffs, Section 122 surcharges, and AD/CVD duties can all apply to the same shipment — and they all add up. Use this calculator to see every layer.
All five duty layers — MFN, Section 301, Section 232, Section 122, AD/CVD
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True landed cost — shipment value plus every layer of duty
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Rates applied to declared customs value. Calculations are estimates; consult a licensed customs broker for binding classification.
Tariff stacking is what happens when the US government layers multiple distinct duty programs on top of each other for the same imported product. Each program was authorized by a different statute, serves a different policy purpose, and is collected by CBP independently — but they all come out of your pocket at the same time.
A single container of Chinese steel wheels, for example, might owe the base MFN tariff (2.5%), a Section 301 China surcharge (25%), a Section 232 steel tariff (25%), and antidumping duties (30%) — a total effective rate over 82%, all applied to the same customs value. Understanding the full stack before you import is not optional; it's the difference between a profitable shipment and a loss.
Each tariff program has its own trigger, scope, and rate structure. Here is what every importer should know about each layer in the stack.
Every duty program calculates against the declared transaction value of the goods. The rates are additive — not compounded. A 100% combined rate means duties equal to the goods' full value, not double.
To illustrate how quickly rates accumulate, here are representative scenarios for common import categories. Actual rates depend on your specific 10-digit HTS code and supplier details.
The "Effective Rate" is the sum of all applicable layers. "AD/CVD" entries are illustrative ranges based on active CBP orders — your specific supplier may have a different company-specific rate. Check the CBP AD/CVD search portal for binding rates.
| Product | Origin | MFN | Sec. 301 | Sec. 232 | AD/CVD | Effective Rate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Electronics (laptops, phones) | China | 0% | 145% | — | — | ~145% |
| Solar Panels (CSPV) | China | 3.5% | 50% | — | ~30% | ~83.5% |
| Steel Flat Products (hot-rolled) | China | 2.9% | 25% | 25% | ~100% | ~153% |
| Aluminum Extrusions | China | 5.7% | 25% | 10% | ~40% | ~80.7% |
| Tires (passenger vehicles) | China | 4% | 25% | — | ~22% | ~51% |
| Furniture (wood) | China | 0% | 25% | — | ~30% | ~55% |
| Steel Products | South Korea | 2.9% | — | 25% | ~8% | ~35.9% |
| Consumer Electronics | Vietnam | 0% | 15% | — | — | ~15% |
| Clothing / Apparel | China | 25% | 25% | — | — | ~50% |
| Industrial Machinery | Germany | 3.3% | — | — | — | ~3.3% |
Here is how the duty layers accumulate for a typical Chinese steel flat product shipment. Each row represents one program's contribution to your total obligation.
On a $100,000 shipment of Chinese hot-rolled steel, the duty obligation at this rate would be approximately $153,000 — more than the value of the goods themselves. No single rate tells this story; only the full stack does.
Each duty layer has its own official source. Here is where to look for each one:
| Duty Layer | Official Source | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| MFN / General Rate | USHTS (hts.usitc.gov) | Column 1 General rate for your 10-digit HTS code |
| Section 301 | USTR Section 301 Annex | Check which List (1–4A/4B) covers your HTS code; verify China origin |
| Section 232 | Federal Register Proclamations | Steel: 25%; aluminum: 10%; check exclusion orders for your product |
| Section 122 | Presidential Proclamation (if invoked) | Not currently in effect as a universal surcharge; watch Federal Register |
| AD/CVD | CBP ADCVD Search (cbp.gov) | Search by HTS + country; note that rates may be retroactively adjusted |
Our HTS Classifier identifies your 10-digit code from a product description. The Landed Cost Calculator then applies all applicable duty layers — MFN, 301, 232, and active AD/CVD orders — in a single AI-powered workflow. No manual rate lookups required.
USTradeStack's AI applies all applicable duty layers automatically — MFN, Section 301, Section 232, and active AD/CVD orders — so you get a complete landed cost before your shipment arrives.